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POLG Rabbit mAb

     
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Product Information
Application
  • Applications Legend:
  • E=ELISA
  • WB=Western Blotting
  • IHC=Immunohistochemistry
  • IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
  • IP=Immunoprecipitation
  • IF=Immunofluorescence
  • IC=Immunochemistry
  • ICC=Immunocytochemistry
  • FC=Flow Cytometry
  • DB=Dot Blot
WB
Primary Accession P54098
Reactivity Human
Host Rabbit
Clonality Monoclonal Antibody
Isotype IgG
Conjugate Unconjugated
Purification Affinity Purified
Calculated MW 139562 Da
Additional Information
Gene ID 5428
Other Names POLG
Dilution WB~~1:1000
Format Liquid in 50mM Tris-Glycine(pH 7.4), 0.15M NaCl, 40%Glycerol, 0.01% sodium azide and 0.05% BSA.
StorageStore at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Protein Information
Name POLG {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10827171, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:9179}
Function Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma solely responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Replicates both heavy and light strands of the circular mtDNA genome using a single-stranded DNA template, RNA primers and the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:9558343). Has 5' -> 3' polymerase activity. Functionally interacts with TWNK and SSBP1 at the replication fork to form a highly processive replisome, where TWNK unwinds the double- stranded DNA template prior to replication and SSBP1 covers the parental heavy strand to enable continuous replication of the entire mitochondrial genome. A single nucleotide incorporation cycle includes binding of the incoming nucleotide at the insertion site, a phosphodiester bond formation reaction that extends the 3'-end of the primer DNA, and translocation of the primer terminus to the post- insertion site. After completing replication of a mtDNA strand, mediates 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic degradation at the nick to enable proper ligation (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:26095671, PubMed:9558343). Highly accurate due to high nucleotide selectivity and 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading. Proficiently corrects base substitutions, single-base additions and deletions in non-repetitive sequences and short repeats, but displays lower proofreading activity when replicating longer homopolymeric stretches. Exerts exonuclease activity toward single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA containing 3'- terminal mispairs. When a misincorporation occurs, transitions from replication to a pro-nucleolytic editing mode and removes the missincorporated nucleoside in the exonuclease active site. Proceeds via an SN2 nucleolytic mechanism in which Asp-198 catalyzes phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and Glu-200 stabilizes the leaving group. As a result the primer strand becomes one nucleotide shorter and is positioned in the post-insertion site, ready to resume DNA synthesis (PubMed:10827171, PubMed:11477094, PubMed:11504725, PubMed:37202477). Exerts 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity and mediates repair-associated mtDNA synthesis (gap filling) in base-excision repair pathway. Catalyzes the release of the 5'-terminal 2-deoxyribose-5- phosphate sugar moiety from incised apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites to produce a substrate for DNA ligase. The dRP lyase reaction does not require divalent metal ions and likely proceeds via a Schiff base intermediate in a beta-elimination reaction mechanism (PubMed:9770471).
Cellular Location Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoid
Research Areas

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

BACKGROUND

POLG (DNA polymerase gamma) is composed of a C-terminal polymerase ('pol') domain and an amino-terminal exonuclease ('exo') domain. The exo domain increases the fidelity of mitochondrial DNA replication by conferring a proofreading activity to the enzyme (PMID: 12210792). Catalytic subunit of POLG solely responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Replicates both heavy and light strands of the circular mtDNA genome using a single-stranded DNA template, RNA primers and the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (PMID:11477093; 11897778; 15917273; 19837034; 9558343).

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